Despite the proven efficacy of vaccination, coverage rates in many low- and middle-income countries remain suboptimal due to multiple barriers. Digital health interventions (DHIs) offer a promising approach to address these challenges by providing information, reminders, and facilitating referrals. AskNivi is one such innovation, yet evidence on its effectiveness in converting digital engagement into actual service utilization is limited. This study assessed caregivers referred for childhood vaccination through AskNivi in Lagos, Nigeria. A follow-up survey of 511 caregivers was conducted to document facility-level experiences and identify barriers and enablers. Data was collected using structured questionnaires and analyzed with SPSS version 23.0, applying descriptive statistics. Respondents were predominantly female (89.4%), married (84.7%), and had secondary or tertiary education (90.7%). Vaccination uptake post-referral was 75.3% (385/511). The main barriers among non-uptake cases were lack of time (44%) and fear (16%). Overall experience of immunization services was highly positive, with 98.2% rating it as good or excellent. Key enablers included AskNivi engagement (40%) and health worker advice (35%). Smooth experiences were linked to short wait times (31%), friendly staff (27%), and organized sites (24%), while a clean environment (48%) was critical for perceived safety. Findings indicate that digital referral platforms effectively promote vaccination uptake, but success depends on integration with responsive health systems that address logistical and perceptual barriers. Combining digital engagement with efficient service delivery and community support can accelerate progress toward universal immunization coverage in urban Nigeria.
Despite the proven efficacy of vaccination, coverage rates in many low- and middle-income countries remain suboptimal due to multiple barriers. Digital health interventions (DHIs) offer a promising approach to address these challenges by providing information, reminders, and facilitating referrals. AskNivi is one such innovation, yet evidence on its effectiveness in converting digital engagement into actual service utilization is limited. This study assessed caregivers referred for childhood vaccination through AskNivi in Lagos, Nigeria. A follow-up survey of 511 caregivers was conducted to document facility-level experiences and identify barriers and enablers. Data was collected using structured questionnaires and analyzed with SPSS version 23.0, applying descriptive statistics. Respondents were predominantly female (89.4%), married (84.7%), and had secondary or tertiary education (90.7%). Vaccination uptake post-referral was 75.3% (385/511). The main barriers among non-uptake cases were lack of time (44%) and fear (16%). Overall experience of immunization services was highly positive, with 98.2% rating it as good or excellent. Key enablers included AskNivi engagement (40%) and health worker advice (35%). Smooth experiences were linked to short wait times (31%), friendly staff (27%), and organized sites (24%), while a clean environment (48%) was critical for perceived safety. Findings indicate that digital referral platforms effectively promote vaccination uptake, but success depends on integration with responsive health systems that address logistical and perceptual barriers. Combining digital engagement with efficient service delivery and community support can accelerate progress toward universal immunization coverage in urban Nigeria. ...
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