Practical tools from “girls in action model” to lead change by challenging harmful norms and initiate girl led movement; skills for girls centered program design and implementation

Tipping Point implemented in Bangladesh and Nepal and then in Niger, Mali and Northwest Syria. In Nepal and Bangladesh, community participatory analysis was carried out to deepen understanding of the contextual factors and root causes of driving child marriage. CARE developed this model with EMpower as Learning Communities on the Move model that included strategies to increase girls' individual agency, engage boys, mothers and fathers, community gatekeepers as allies. In Nepal, Randomized Control Trial based evaluation demonstrated increased mobility and self-efficacy, improved sexual and reproductive health knowledge by 22% and increased negotiation with parents, increased mobility by 7.2% and participation in decision-making for girls. In Bangladesh, a significant reduction in endorsement of control over girls by family, justification of girl-beating; and significant increases in girls' positive attitudes regarding gender roles, SRH knowledge, mobility, confidence in negotiation skills, and self-efficacy.

The girls in action model opens new insight on meaning of girls led programming practiced in Tipping Point focused on addressing child marriage through a dynamic process of shifting power to girls to decide on their agenda, the methods and course of action.